groundwater accumulation.

In January, Storm Filomena brought heavy snowfall and temperatures as low as -12°C, acting as a natural disinfectant against pests. The rest of the winter was mild, giving way to a cold spring with occasional frosts in April that affected some buds, which finally emerged in early May.

The summer was dry, with an intense heat wave until September, tempered by occasional

storms that provided the necessary water for optimal ripening.